What Is an EV?

How electric vehicles work, the different types on the market, and what actually changes when you drive one.

Quick Answer

An electric vehicle (EV) is a car driven by one or more electric motors using energy stored in a rechargeable battery instead of gasoline. A full battery-electric vehicle (BEV) has no engine, no exhaust and no oil changes. Plug-in hybrids (PHEVs) add a gas engine for longer trips.

Part of the AutoNetwork Electric Vehicle Guide.

• EV cost of ownership
• EV charging at home and in public
• How to buy an electric vehicle

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between a BEV, PHEV and hybrid?

A BEV runs only on battery power and must be plugged in. A PHEV has both a battery and a gas engine and can drive roughly 20-40 miles on electricity before switching to gas. A conventional hybrid (HEV) never plugs in — its small battery is charged by the engine and braking.

Do electric vehicles need oil changes?

No. Battery-electric vehicles have no combustion engine, so there is no engine oil, spark plugs, timing belt or exhaust system to service. Routine EV maintenance is mostly tires, brake fluid, cabin filters and coolant for the battery system.

How far can an electric car go on one charge?

Most new EVs sold in the U.S. are EPA-rated between roughly 200 and 350 miles per charge, with long-range trims exceeding that. Real-world range varies with speed, temperature, terrain and climate-control use.